Taarab music has a complicated rhythmic ad melodic framework, which also uses a range of percussive instruments like the Dumbak (a type of percussion), the tambourine, the tabla and the Maracas. The Oud, a type of mandolin, the Qanun, a type of zither, and the Accordion are among the melodic instruments that are frequently added over the beat.

When it comes to singing, Taarab music typically has a main singer who speaks in a very melodic, expressive way, a collection of supporting singers usually join in on the singing, adding harmonies and responding to the main vocalist's melodies. Call-and-response passages, in which the main singer performs a line or sentence and the supporting vocalists reply with a repetitive chorus or refrain, are another common characteristic of Taraab music.

Taarab music is usually poetic and lyrical, Taarab words can be performed in Swahili, Arabic, or other regional languages.

"Taarab" comes from the Arabic term "tariba," which means "to be stirred or excited." Taarab music and performance are frequently linked with weddings and other festive events. Taarab is a fusion of African, Arab, Persian and Indian music.

The melodies and rhythms of the music are supported by a rich harmonic base because these instruments are usually performed in a chordal or harmonic manner.

Taarab music usually consists of a single performer singing in Swahili or Arabic, followed by a chorus and a musical group. Instruments like the Violin, Zither, guitar, are frequently used in Taraab music, which improves the rhythm.